dna help please please ?

Cloning is a process by which
A. undesirable genes may be eliminated.
B. many identical protein fragments are produced.
C. a virus and a bacterium may be fused into one.
D. an organism that is genetically identical to another is made.

Which of the following was not found to be true when the Human Genome Project was completed?
A. Humans have more genes than expected.
B. Most human DNA is noncoding.
C. Many human genes are similar to genes of other species.
D. All humans are almost genetically identical.

plasmid : DNA segment coding for an enzyme ::
A. DNA ligase : double-stranded DNA
B. vector : restriction enzyme
C. cloned cell : DNA ligase
D. recombinant DNA : DNA from another organism

Is "God" a Molecular Phylogeneticist?

So I’ve recently come across another gem of pseudo-scientific efficacy, propounded by apologists who have an impressively shallow understanding of human genetics. This “idea”, evidently spawned by theologians with an elementary grasp of molecular protein and genetic coding, states that DNA is devised by an intelligent designer, basing the “logical” foundation of this breakthrough on the “Argument from Complexity”, and likening DNA, a 4 letter, 20 amino acid, 64 codon protein synthesis, to binary, a two code system, simply because binary was designed, meaning, somehow, that DNA was also “created”. Let us not forget that binary was a coding system devised for programs that are not carbon based life forms, because they lack the necessary constituent for their own coding.

My question is this: Regardless of the unscientific foundation and supremely improbable basis, why, if god were the scientist behind the curtain, manufacturing every 3 billion letter protein sequence to be as unique and individualistic as the organisms in which they reside, why does he allow, or create, a human or animal with defects in their genetic coding? Why are their chromosomal defects? Why are there defective codes in DNA, in cellular mytosis, and the other engines of sexual selection that prevent us ALL from being equally fit, intelligent, and healthy?

AND DON’T TELL ME FREE WILL, or any other apologistic nonsense. The founders of this theory very explicitly stated that “God” makes each and every DNA sequence for every single organism on the planet.

According to this theory, there are only two options: God makes mistakes in coding, disproving an infallible and omnipotent god.

Or, God intentionally makes these minute errors in the order of genetic coding, disproving an omni-benevolent god.

There are NO other alternative explanations to this idea. There are no “Get Out of Logic Free” cards, and no room for free will. If you think there are any others, you misunderstood the question.

Ask if you need more information.
Tony: Fair enough. But, as religion is so familiar with the "infinite regress", your answer creates another question.

What was the process by which "sin" modified our genetic structure, making us succeptible to coding defects? Did "sin", the intangeable, ephemeral CONCEPT that it is, actually infiltrate the human genome and mutate our protein structure? And if it did, would you not think that evidence of such mutation would be reflected in the sequencing? I often see apologists criticizing the so called "short-comings" of scientific knowledge, but genetics is one of our most advance sciences, and we now have the ability to sequence genomes within human DNA so that they will actually S-P-E-L-L out the ancestral lineage for millions of years, hence how we can factually verify our million year old ancestors, such as Homo Habilis and Ergaster.

So again, wouldn’t we know, with the species Homo Sapien Sapien being so young, if there was a large immediate shift in genetic information?

BIO TES HELP please!?

Heres the word bank:
GMO (Genetically Modified Organism)
size
plamid(s)
transgenic
DNA ligases
restriction enzyme(s)
gel electrophoresis
nucleic acid probe
genetic marker
PRC (Polymerase chain reaction)
recombinant DNA
animal/plant
plant/animal

AND HERE ARE THE FILL-INS

The lac repressor releases the operator in the presence of __________.

A DNA sample will form a single band on an electrophoresis gel if all the fragments are the same _________.

A protein produced by transgenic bacteria is identical to the same protein produced by humans because both are coded by __________.

THANK YOU SO MUCH IF YOU KNOW ANY/ALL!

Is "God" Smart Enough for This?

So I’ve recently come across another gem of pseudo-scientific efficacy, propounded by apologists who have an impressively shallow understanding of human genetics. This “idea”, evidently spawned by theologians with an elementary grasp of molecular protein and genetic coding, states that DNA is devised by an intelligent designer, basing the “logical” foundation of this breakthrough on the “Argument from Complexity”, and likening DNA, a 4 letter, 20 amino acid, 64 codon protein synthesis, to binary, a two code system, simply because binary was designed, meaning, somehow, that DNA was also “created”. Let us not forget that binary was a coding system devised for programs that are not carbon based life forms, because they lack the necessary constituent for their own coding.

My question is this: Regardless of the unscientific foundation and supremely improbable basis, why, if god were the scientist behind the curtain, manufacturing every 3 billion letter protein sequence to be as unique and individualistic as the organisms in which they reside, why does he allow, or create, a human or animal with defects in their genetic coding? Why are their chromosomal defects? Why are there defective codes in DNA, in cellular mytosis, and the other engines of sexual selection that prevent us ALL from being equally fit, intelligent, and healthy?

AND DON’T TELL ME FREE WILL, or any other apologistic nonsense. The founders of this theory very explicitly stated that “God” makes each and every DNA sequence for every single organism on the planet.

According to this theory, there can only be two accounts for the errors in our DNA that lead to debilitating, insufferable diseases and handicaps:

God makes mistakes in coding, disproving an infallible and omnipotent god.

Or, God intentionally makes these minute errors in the order of genetic coding, disproving an omni-benevolent god.

There are NO other alternative explanations to this idea, for diseases and disorders DO exist, and in accordance with this theory, God is the "designer" of all DNA on the planet.

If you think there are any others, you misunderstood the theological postulate and my question.

It has also been theorized that when "sin" was introduced, our molecular structure changed, preventing us from living for centuries, and lowering our life expectancy to mere decades.

If this is true, what was the process by which "sin" modified our genetic structure, making us succeptible to coding defects? Did "sin", the intangeable, ephemeral CONCEPT that it is, actually infiltrate the human genome and mutate our protein structure? And if it did, would you not think that evidence of such mutation would be reflected in the sequencing? I often see apologists criticizing the so called "short-comings" of scientific knowledge, but genetics is one of our most advance sciences, and we now have the ability to sequence genomes within human DNA so that they will actually S-P-E-L-L out the ancestral lineage for millions of years, hence how we can factually verify our million year old ancestors, such as Homo Habilis and Ergaster.

So again, wouldn’t we know, with the species Homo Sapien Sapien being so young, if there was a large immediate (or even a gradual) shift in genetic information?
Denarium: I appreciate that you have taken the time to answer my question. Now, if I may be a little critical, I would like to address some of the more problematic distinctions of your response.

First and foremost, I find it terribly appalling that you would say something such as "God… ‘Gives’ genetic flaws for variety…" as if he were bestowing the honor upon the handicap that they may be here to make us feel better about ourselves. Do handicap people give you a reason to wake up in the morning? Do you honestly believe that people with Parkinson’s, Sickle Cell, and Down Syndrome are the only reason that you "Work towards something in life"? People suffer, in amounts of pain that are orders of magnitude more than anything you or I have ever known, so people like you will have a "reason" to want something?

Douglas Adam’s said that, "Life is often wasted on the living." I see now that it is people like you for which his statement was devised.
Mr. John: First, let me commend you for spending the undoubted hours it took you to structure a response to my query. I know that, with an intelligence level as dimunitive as your own, it must be difficult, even physically painful at times, to form proper sentences, so again, thank you for enduring this indisputably excrutiating attempt at debate.

Secondly, in the science of molecular phylogenetics, there is no such thing as a "perfect" or "imperfect" gene. In order to fully understand genetics, and science as a whole, you have to leave your theistic presuppositions out of the lexicon.

There is also another, rather unpopular, misconception that I would like to address. There is no such thing as a "missing link" and to believe there is such reveals a grave misapprehension. Evolution does not operate in leaps and bounds. Jelly fish don’t evolve into humans, nor do apes transmutate into homo sapiens. Evolution is a dynamic, gradual process that occurs over millions of years.
And, Mr. John, I see that you are attempting to be "ironic" by adopting the word "Indoctrinate" into your vocabulary. I also understand that, in the true characteristic fashion of your theocratic associations, you only know the meaning of this word by being criticized for it. You, and those that follow your fragmented and pathetic ideology, make the rest of this planet miserable for people who wish to be free from ignorace, prejudice, and slavery.

I can only hope that some day you can remove yourself from your fear-driven dogma and become aware of the ignorance and misery religion has forced upon our species for thousands of years.

Education is the cornerstone of our civilization, and without it, we will catapult head first towards our archaic addictions to superstion, xenophobia, and genocide.

Which leads to me probe: What was YOUR highest leel of education?

Discuss the basic steps involved in recombinant DNA technology?

Include in your discussion the role played by plasmids, viruses, and restriction endonucleases. Name and describe five medical applications of genetically engineered products and give the organism used to produce that product.

what is the advantages of using plasmids to incorporate foreign genes?

i dont get plasmids and why we use them. is it because they can move into bacterial cells? so does an organism with recombinant dna have genes they would normally have along with genes from the foreign dna? im so confused

Biology Help Please….ten points?

18. An organ is composed of several tissues that work together for a specific function. Which of the following is an example of an organ?
A. A leaf producing food
B. A tendon connecting two bones
C. A rootlet absorbing water
D. A heart muscle fiber contracting

19. Cells from a zebra and a horse both have
A. impermeable cell membranes.
B. large central vacuoles.
C. exactly the same DNA.
D. membrane bound organelles.

20. In Figure 28.1, what does the starburst represent?

A. Glucose
B. Chemical energy
C. The sun
D. A phosphate group

21. If your body cells do not have enough oxygen because you are exercising hard, which process takes over for cellular respiration?
A. Calvin cycle
B. Chemosynthesis
C. Fermentation
D. Glycolysis

22. Almost every cell in an organism has a full set of the same genes, yet every cell does not function in the same way. Why?
A. In the process of cell division, the genes undergo many different mutations.
B. The few cells that do not have a full set of DNA are the most influential.
C. Each cell uses only the specific genes it needs to carry out its function.
D. The same series of nucleotide pairs code for different proteins each time they occur.

23. Cells containing chlorophyll working together to absorb sunlight form an example of a(n)
A. chromosome.
B. tissue.
C. organelle.
D. organ.

I need help with AP Bio questions on DNA?

I can’t find the answers to these questions! And some I am unsure of…

1. Most molecules with regular structure produce specific _________ diffraction pictures.
I guessed and put "x-ray". Is it right?

2. When nucleotides are linked together in DNA, the __________ group attached to the 5′ carbon of one sugar attaches to the 3′ carbon of an adjacent sugar.
Is it phosphate? Or what?

3. Recombinant DNA may make it possible to produce ________ protein in _______ cells.

4. T or F: All members of the same species of organism contain DNA with almost exactly the same chemical composition.

5. Restriction enzymes attack double stranded DNA:
A) only at the 3′ end
B) only at the 5′ end
C) at a point in the middle of a particular nucleotide sequence
D) only between cytosine and guanine containing nucleotides

Thanks for the help. I’ve tried searching around and reading through my notes and handouts, but I can’t find the answers.

which statement is not a characteristic of plasmids?

1. which statement is not a characteristic of plasmids
a. extra-chromosomal
b. replicate independently
c. easily moved out of, and into, bacterial cells
d. used as DNA delivery units in biotechnology
e. the same size as bacterial chromosomes

2. which of the following is the most commonly used cloning vector in genetic engineering

3. Bacterial transformation is a bacterial ability to
a. cut foreign DNA
b. produce proteis from another organism’s genes
c. take up DNA from its surroundings.
d. connect DNA fragments once they are cut with restriction enzymes
e. produce restriction enzymes

4. what is a cloning vector?
a. a cell that is producing protein from a reombinant plasmid
b. a DNA vehicle that carries recombinant DNA into cells
c. an enzyme used to cut or combine DNA
d. a protein like HIGH that is produced by biotech.
e. an animal that is an exact copy of another animal

what is the name for this kind of engineering?

What is the name of the genetic engineering in which DNA that produces human insulin is joined with the DNA of a different organism and the new merged DNA is introduced into a third rapidly multiplying organism, which then manufactures large quantities of human insulin?

– Somatic cell modification
– Somatic genetic engineering
– Gene splicing
or
-Germline gene therapy

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