Cloning is a process by which
A. undesirable genes may be eliminated.
B. many identical protein fragments are produced.
C. a virus and a bacterium may be fused into one.
D. an organism that is genetically identical to another is made.

Which of the following was not found to be true when the Human Genome Project was completed?
A. Humans have more genes than expected.
B. Most human DNA is noncoding.
C. Many human genes are similar to genes of other species.
D. All humans are almost genetically identical.

plasmid : DNA segment coding for an enzyme ::
A. DNA ligase : double-stranded DNA
B. vector : restriction enzyme
C. cloned cell : DNA ligase
D. recombinant DNA : DNA from another organism

viruses has shown that:

a. ATP from bacteriophage is identical to ATP found in eukaryotic cells.
b. bacteriophage protein enters the bacteria through the cell wall.
c. bacteriophage nucleic acids enter bacteria prior to lysis.
d. 32P accelerates the lytic effect of bacteriophage infection.
e. 32P in an inactive from enters the bacterial genome as part of a plasmid.

DNA can be introduced into a host cell by which of the following ways?
a. virus vector.
b. plasmid vector.
c. after co-precipitation with insoluble calcium phosphate.
e. all of the above.

The following represents steps in a procedure by which human DNA containing a gene can be cloned.
a. mix cut plasmid and fragments of human DNA together in presence of DNA ligase.
b. select bacteria containing plasmid by exposure to antibiotic.
c. cleave DNA of plasmid containing gene for resistance to an antibiotic.
d. expose bacteria to recombinant DNA molecule.

In order for two DNA molecules to form a recombinant DNA, they must:
a. be from the same type of organism.
b. be the same length.
c. have their ends short tails of nucleotides that have anti-parallel complements of each other.
d. all of the above.

I’m finishing up a packet for biology but I can’t get these final questions:

1. To produce transgenic bacter that make insulin, which of the following steps did scientists have to take first?

A: Insert the human insulin gene into a plasmid.
B: Extract the insulin from the bacterial culture
C: Use a restriction enzyme to cut the insulin gene from human DNA.
D: Transform bacteria with the recombinant plasmid.

2. Why is Dolly (the sheep clone by (Ian Wilmut) a clone?

A: The source of her DNA was a single body cell.
B: The DNA molecules in all her cells are identical.
C: She was produced using the DNA from an adult’s egg cell.
D: She is genetically identical to her offspring.

3. Human females produce egg cells that have

A: one X chromosome only.
B: two X chromosomes
C: One X or one Y chromosome
D: One X and one Y chromosome

4.A person who has PKU

A: Inherited the recessive allele for the trait from one parent.
B: Inherited the recessive allele for the trait from both parents.
C: is heterozygous for the trait.
D: Will not pass the allele for the trait to his or her offspring.

5. If a man with blood type A and a woman with blood type B produce an offspring, what might be the offspring’s blood type?

A: AB or O
B: A,B, or O
C: A, B, AB, O
D: AB only

6. The sequencing of human chromosomes 21 and 22 showed that

A: Some regions of chromosomes do not code for proteins.
B: All of the DNA of chromosomes code for proteins.
C: different chromosomes have the same number of genes.
D: different chromosomes containt the same number of DNA bases.

Any help would be appreciated.

The theory of evolution is used in forensic, medical sciences, curing diseases, vaccines and there are absolutely so many direct uses of evolution.

Including the creation of the Hepatitus C vaccine (See source below before saying "EVOLUTION HAS NOTHING TO DO WITH VACCINES")

Evolutionary analyses and criminal investigations hold the same goal of revealing historical events. Their fruitful combination awaited only the maturing of DNA-sequencing technology to provide large data sets, robust quantitative methods, and enlightened integration of science and the legal system.

As with many applications of evolution, the concept of molecular clocks plays a vital role.

Changes in many DNA sequences occur at roughly predictable rates over time, forming the basis for molecular clocks. The clocks for two regions of DNA, however, can run at markedly different rates. In the early 1980s geneticists discovered regions of human DNA that evolve very rapidly, and scientists soon pressed these fast-evolving regions into service as genetic markers-unique identifiers of individuals, like fingerprints but with greater detail-in criminal cases and in paternity testing.

That’s just one of many examples in this article

http://www.bellona.ru/enwl/Archive/2008/1229887463.58

I just cannot imagine, how you could approach an evolutionary biologist, phylogenetic analysist or anybody whom works in many fields of medical science.

Whom view natural and accelerated evolution happening under microscopes under their eyes almost everyday.

And then tell them, no evolution does not exist. Because the bible says so.

How do you do that?

the mexican flu (I call it such based on origin and the fact that avian and human dna also make up this virus), and that 90 thousand will die.

http://abcnews.go.com/GMA/story?id=8403214

"The report, which claims as many as 1.8 million people could end up in the hospital seeking treatment"

some private doctors do not appear to like the rush.

""Trying to rush in with an unknown, with an untested quantity of vaccine doesn’t appeal to me at all," said Dr. William Schaffner, a professor of preventive medicine at Vanderbilt University."

QUESTIONS:

What are your thoughts on the article in general?

Is it blown of of proportion and if so, why?

What are your thoughts on the massive amounts of untested vaccines?

Are you concerned over the issue?

To produce genetically engineered bacteria that make a human protein, which of the following steps does a scientist have to take first?
a. insert the human gene for the protein into a plasmid
b. use a restriction enzyme to cut out the gene from human DNA
c. Transform bacteria with the recombinant plasmid
d. extract the protein from the bacterial culture

THANKS SO MUCH!

What have scientists discovered about the human genome?
A. Humans have about 120,000 genes
B. Most human DNA is noncoding
C. Humans are 50% related to each other.
D. Human genes are not similar to those of other animals.

24. What role does electrophoresis play in identifying a specific gene?
A. It cuts the gene of interest out of DNA at specific points.
B. It kills all cells that have not taken up the gene of interest.
C. It binds the gene of interest with probes.
D. It separates DNA fragments by size.

25. The risk associated with traditional vaccines prepared from disease-causing agents is that
A. one may get the actual disease.
B. the antibodies that result may not work.
C. the vaccine protects only against other diseases.
D. unknown diseases may be created.

Did you know sceintist are currently working to construct the worlds first DNA computers. Thats right Bio-technology and yes human DNA from your blood. Right now manufactures are racing to produce the next smallest-fasterst-microprocessor.
Silicone based computers will eventually meets its limits of speed. So we are going to use the DNA our genes can perform more calculations and store more data than any computer ever built. ONE POUND of DNA has the compacity to store more information than all the compters ever built on Earth! WOW! Forget the "Thing" we are using right now it sucks!Contrary to popular belief we wont build better computers we will build Different computers…Maybe the genes DNA can mutate when acted upon by an outside force like "Natural selection" to evolve? Hey maybe DNA computers is the real "Artifical Intelligence" that will take over mankind…wooahh spooky. Maybe DNA computers can manipulate genes inside of test tubes to create
Super-Humans…whoa imagine
Source: HowStuffWorks.com

Biotechnology cannot be used to:
a. Produce large quantities of particular human proteins
b. Produce effective and safe vaccines
c. Identify human fetuses with particular genetic diseases
d. Alter food plants to increase yield
e. Alter the intelligence levels of newborn infants

answer is E

DNA recombination does not occur between different species in nature by:
a. Bacterial transformation
b. Bacteria acquiring plasmids
c. Viruses transferring DNA between host organisms
d. Sexual reproduction in animals
e. None of the above is a correct choice

ANSWER IS E

Restriction enzymes:
a. Randomly sever DNA into small pieces
b. Defend bacteria against viral infections
c. Normally cut bacterial DNA as well as viral DNA
d. Will only cut DNA containing methyl groups
e. Will only work on viruses that attack bacteria

ANSWER IS A

Suppose ENZ-1 and ENZ-2 are two different restriction enzymes. If various pieces of DNA are cut with either of these enzymes, which of the following cut DNAs would join together most easily to form recombinant molecules?
a. Human DNA cut with ENZ-1 and gorilla DNA cut with ENZ-2
b. Human DNA cut with ENZ-1 and human DNA cut with ENZ-2
c. Human DNA cut with ENZ-2 and bacterial DNA cut with ENZ-2
d. Bacterial DNA cut with ENZ-1 and gorilla DNA cut with ENZ-2
e. All of the above choices

ANSWER IS B

Which of the following has not yet been done by using the technique of inserting human genes into bacteria?
a. Making growth hormone to help children grow normally
b. Making insulin to treat diabetics
c. Making blood clotting enzymes to treat hemophiliacs
d. Making cancer cell-killing hormones to treat those with malignancies
e. Making clot-dissolving enzymes to treat those with heart attacks
ANSWER IS E

Which of the following is not a goal of biotechnology?
a. To understand more about the process of inheritance and gene expression
b. To provide better understanding and treatment of various human diseases
c. To generate improved agricultural plants and domestic animals
d. To prevent the inheritance of human genes judged to be undesirable
e. All the above choices are valid goals of biotechnology

ANSWER IS D
Goals of genetic engineering include all of the following EXCEPT
a. to learn more about genetic inheritance.
b. to learn more about genetic diseases.
c. to learn more about bacterial inheritance.
d. to provide economic and social benefits.
e. all of the above are goals of genetic engineering.
answer is d
DNA recombination does not occur between different species in nature by:
a. Bacterial transformation
b. Bacteria acquiring plasmids
c. Viruses transferring DNA between host organisms
d. Sexual reproduction in animals
e. None of the above is a correct choice
answer is c
Which of these is not a natural method of DNA recombination?
a. Sexual reproduction
b. Genetic transformation in bacteria
c. Viral infection
d. Gene amplification in bacteria
e. All the above are correct choices
answer is d

is the dna got fom household dna extraction always gelatinous white in colour or is it really transparent like a glass in some cases like human dna extraction??or was it that i went wrong in the procedure and dna should always be somewhat whitish glob like stuff??"